The Soul Stays the Same in Plato - 1270 Words

â€Å"I think, Socrates, he said, that on this line of argument any man, even the dullest, would agree that the soul is altogether more like that which always exists in the same state rather than like that which does not† (Plato, Phaedo 79e) In this paper I will argue that the soul is not necessarily unchanging and eternal, as many of Plato’s arguments would suggest otherwise. The main reasons in support of this claim are that there are questionable conclusions that Plato had reached that challenge the validity of his theory on immortal souls. The Phaedo is one of Plato’s greatest dialogues addressing the essence of the afterlife through a discussion between Socrates and his students. Plato’s main argument within the Phaedo is that there is an†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I mean such things as good and evil, just and unjust-and there are innumerable other opposites which are generated out of opposites. And I want to show that this holds universally of all opposites; I mean to say, for example, that anything which becomes greater must become greater after being less.†(Plato, 70d) In the dialogue Socrates established that everything is generated from its opposite so must have an opposite. However, it is valid to question this by interpreting the opposite argument. If to say everything has an opposite, would the opposite of existence be non-existence? Existence is created from non-existence and non-existence from existence. If this is true, than would not the existence of a soul suggest that at some point the soul did not exist? Thus, it may be that the soul had a previous existence but it does not definitively suggest that the soul is immortal and has no end. This is somewhat related to Cebes’ argument that that soul may have existed through many bodies but may eventually pass on. Plato fails to further explain the cycle of the soul. Socrates does not give detail on when the cycle of the soul begins or how it may have started. Furthermore, if one relies on the opposites argument for support of the immortal theory then one could consider that is there was a beginning to the cycle of the soul than there would be some sort of end. The Theory of Recollection also has some gaps in its logicShow MoreRelatedJustice Is The Legal Or Philosophical Theory Of Justice1503 Words   |  7 PagesJustice is the art which gives to each man what is good for his soul. Discuss. â€Å"Justice is the art which gives to each man what is good for his soul† and that is simply to say that justice is identical with, or inseparable with philosophy. (Cahn, Political Philosophy, 1-136) Justice is an order and duty of the parts of the soul; it is to the soul as medicine preserves the health of the body. In its current and cardinal definition is a just behavior or treatment; a concern for justice, peace, andRead MoreThe Tripartite of the Soul that Socrates Discussed in Platos Republic1429 Words   |  6 Pagesthis paper I will be discussing the tripartite (three parts) of the soul that Socrates discussed in chapter 6 of Plato’s Republic, and I will compare and contrast them to that of Aristotle and Anthony Kenny. In Plato’s Republic the three parts of the soul consist of the rational, spirited and, desire. In this dialogue the three parts of the soul go hand and hand with three parts of a just society. The desire or appetite of the soul is what controls our want for the pleasures of life. An example ofRead MorePlatos View in Human Knowledge Essay examples1392 Words   |  6 PagesPlatos View in Human Knowledge Plato presents three different views about knowledge in Meno, Republic, and Theaetetus. In Menos case, Plato believes knowledge as something innate in us when we are born; in his later view, in Republic, Plato believes we perceive things and gain knowledge; and from the last view, in Theaetus, Plato believes knowledge is the combination of a true opinion and a rational opinion. Strangely enough, Platos views in Meno, Republic, and Theaetetus are similar,Read MoreJustice and the Soul in Platos Republic1031 Words   |  5 Pagespsychological theory, according to which, the soul has three parts, or faculties, or types of motivation. Plato’s argument begins with the observation that souls contain conflict; Conflict in the soul implies different parts that are opposed to each other (436b-438a). Desire is opposed by the calculating part of the soul (438a-439d). Spirit is different from both desire and the calculating part (439e-441c). Therefore, from (1), (2), and (3), the parts of the soul are identical in number and functionRead MorePlato s Views On The Immortality Of The Soul1391 Words   |  6 Pagesdialogues Phaedo, Plato touches on some of the theories of Socrates that focus on the immortality of the soul. Plato explains four main arguments that attempt to prove that the soul is indeed immortal. After reviewing and analyzing the arguments given, I have come to the conclusion that Plato’s premises are not true. I believe that the arguments he offers are in some way invalid. In order to prove the validity of each discourse, I will evaluate each of the four arguments Plato presents. BeforeRead MorePlatos Moral Theory Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesconversations, it develops important ideas to improve our lives. As you read this book, you notice a main idea that Plato is trying to convey: why a person should bother to be good. But in order to be good, the Republic opens with asking the reader what is justice. Plato provides us with many answers, but he doesn’t frame those answers in terms that we would expect. Instead, Plato frames the answer in terms of how an individual should structure the different parts of his mind in order to becomeRead MoreEssay about Aristotle vs Plato1665 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle is considered by many to be one of the most influential philosophers in history. As a student of Plato, he built on his mentor’s metaphysical teachings of things like The Theory of Forms and his views on the soul. However, he also challenged them, introducing his own metaphysical ideas such as act and potency, hylemorphism, and the fo ur causes. He used these ideas to explain his account of the soul and the immateriality of intellect. Prior to Aristotle, philosophers like Parmenides and HeraclitusRead MoreThe Allegory of the Cave Essay1600 Words   |  7 Pagesgood example of explaining the feature of the way people think. It is a concept that demonstrates how humans are fearful of change and what they don’t know. Plato says that men are living in an underground cave and it is a situation. The Allegory of the Cave is Platos explanation of the education of the soul toward enlightenment. Plato talks about being free, everyday life, knowledge, and essentially what he wrote to be true. I think that he was very unique with his writings because there areRead MorePlato s View Of The City State993 Words   |  4 Pages In â€Å"Plato Republic,† the view of Plato on achieving a true city with no injustice differs greatly from those of other philosophers. Although it is not conventional, the way that Plato creates a true city does work. By creating an entirely new city and adding guardians, Plato is e ffectively removing luxuries, thus removing the fever from the city. This is successfully transforming the city with a fever into a just and true city. In this paper, I will demonstrate that the methods that Plato exercisesRead MoreTry to Persuade Socrates Friends to Save Him Against His Will1191 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical science. He was convict to death because he does not believe in God and corrupted the youth people to do the same. In Plato`s dialogue Crito, Socrates spent his last time in the prison. Crito is coming to save Socrates and have plans how to make his escape. Socrates discussing with Crito should he escape from prison or not and gives arguments why he needs to stay and waiting for his death. Crito really wants to save his close friend but Socrates explain his wisdom thoughts: † I

Persuasive Essay On Being Homeless - 1044 Words

Being homeless isn’t as bad as it may seem. It’s actually quite invigorating. Being homeless in America is a pleasure and privilege. Having the streets crowded with beggars is honestly a sight to see. Who wouldn’t want to be homeless? It’s the greatest thing ever, and it’s not that hard. In order to be homeless you have to lose EVERYTHING! Being homeless means you have no house, car, phone, food, and not even a job. Sounds exciting right! Being able to have no responsibilities at all doesn’t seem so bad, right? Once you’re homeless everyone tends to forget about you. Well why can’t you just stay with a family member you may ask? They can be disconnected from their family due to their loss of internet connection, or they may not even be†¦show more content†¦You have to admit homeless people are some of the neediest people ever! I mean no matter how sorry you may feel for them, it’s their fault why they’re i n the predicament they’re in. You can’t feel sorry for someone who doesn’t care about themselves. It’s their fault why they’re homeless, so let them enjoy it. Oh, here’s a modest proposal, let’s give the homeless a taste of their own medicine. In order for the homeless to stop begging us for our things we have to beg them for theirs. They sleep on property that’s not theirs and makes america look bad. So lets beg them for their money to pay our bills, beg them for a jacket in the winter time to sit around in our warm home, and even their food even though we have a house full of delicious goodies. Children can even make a good use in this case. Homeless people find love and have kids too. But, what’s the point of them having kids if they can’t take care of them? They shouldn’t. Instead of them not being able to provide for them they can use them for many things. First, they can be used for food. They can be used for food up until the age of three. This is because the things they remember before this age are gone by the time they get older. There are many benefits of eating your child. For one, it’s good nutrients. The child will be young, healthy and well nursed. Dogs also do this. One reason dogs eat their babies is because the mother may be fearful and stressed about her pup. Having a child and knowing youShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Being Homeless760 Words   |  4 PagesBeing homeless is probably the hardest challenge you can try to overcome. It’s when you just really need some money to stay alive. We should support these people with money so they can stay alive. It’s just wrong to just walk by without even giving these people a thought. Some of them might just be looking for a shelter. Or just need some money to get their lives going again. Most of them have just had really hard lives and need some hel p. A lot of these people don’t have any shelter of anyRead MorePersuasive Essay : Being Homeless Essay1314 Words   |  6 PagesBeing homeless is found all around the world in every country. Either the people lost their house due to weather, money, or even being kicked out, being without a home is something no one should have to go through. While the Habitat for Humanity advertisement is lengthy, I argue that the advertisement effectively convinces the audience to join by donating, advocating, or volunteering through its use of logos, pathos, and ethos. One of the very first people we met at the beginning of the advertisementRead MoreDumpster Diving Lars Eighner Analysis1280 Words   |  6 Pagespublished in 1993. It is a memoir of his experience being homeless. Eighner uses the appeal of ethos the most prominently in his book to prove he is credible, followed by an appeal to logos by applying logic and pathos using stories. According to the essay, â€Å"The Appeals: Ethos, Pathos, and Logos†, the audience is persuaded on, â€Å"Our perception of a speaker or writer’s character influences.† Also known as ethos. Eighner’s most noticeable persuasive appeal is ethos. He does not ask for the audienceRead More Organization is Crucial When Making a Sound Argument Essay example1114 Words   |  5 Pagesargue the issue as well. Writer Jonathon Detwiler speaks on behalf of the hunter by trying to repel the accusations of anti-hunting propaganda, but fails to make a powerful, persuasive argument. In his article, â€Å"Can I Kill an Animal Ethically?† he uses credible, logical, and socially valued examples to stake his claim, but his essay remains weak due to poor organization and a delayed thesis. It is important to supply many facts from credible sources when making a sound argument. DetwilerRead MoreAnalysis Of The Box Man1242 Words   |  5 PagesHumanity of the Homeless The Box Man is an essay written by Barbara Ascher that addresses and criticizes how American society does not give homeless people the respect they deserve. In the essay, Ascher describes a night of the life of an average homeless man. Ascher accomplishes this by using her character the Box Man to represent the homeless people of America and to display how society sees the homeless. Barbara Ascher’s The Box Man utilizes thoughtfully chosen diction, preciseRead MoreThe Power Of A Word Is Humongous1247 Words   |  5 Pageshands of human beings, and we all need to know how to use this weapon to make the world a better place. Persuasive writing is a form of writing the main purpose of which is to persuade readers that the writer’s opinion is correct. But how can you convince anybody through writing? What are the components of the persuasive writing? How is persuasive writing different from verbal persuasion? These are the questions that individuals need to understa nd in order to succeed in persuasive writing. Read MoreIs Virtual Community A Real Community?915 Words   |  4 PagesPersuasive Essay At the age of eight, all I have put effort on learning was begin competitive. The only one interest that became my addition of mine leads to my brother, who has introduced the Toon Town, an online gaming system, where every toon at different level have the opportunity to fight against the cogs with the amount of supplies they have; thereafter, the ones that survives through the fight earns toons’ laughter points to raise their toon levels up from the range as low as twenty-five toRead MoreOn Compassion Analysis Essay947 Words   |  4 Pagesshow the affection people have towards each other. Ascher is able to illustrate that compassion is something that has to be taught because of the adversity at people’s heels by including tone, persuasive appeals, and the mode of comparing and contrast in her essay, â€Å"On Compassion.† The tone of Ascher’s essay can best be described as thoughtful and reflective. Ascher is able to achieve this tone in her quote, â€Å"He wears a stained blanket pulled down to his gray, bushy eyebrows† (Ascher 47). AscherRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1103 Words   |  5 Pagesrun of the mill backcountry uneducated southern boy. His father is a sot who is not in his life for months on end as he is tends to live in and out of the jails, drinking his way back in. Huckleberry Finn himself is also disheveled and often left homeless. The Widow Douglas makes an attempt to â€Å"educate† Huckleberry Finn by giving him some of the education that he never received from his father, but he resists, choosing to continue to live as he was before she intervened, partly due to his father’sRead MoreThe Role of Education and Poverty in Society1985 Words   |  8 Pagesbecause if there was, then the outcomes would be more equal† (Essentia l essay #6c, 2012, p. 5). As a result of this inequality, children living in poverty cannot be expected to actively participate in the community when their income affects nearly every aspect of their lives. Many times children living in poverty do not know where their next meal will come from or if they will get to eat dinner that night. Some are homeless and do not have a safe place to sleep at night. Many times these families

CIPD Ass Member Criteria free essay sample

What it means to be an Associate Member of CIPD The Associate Member applies their specialist skills and knowledge in the context of the organisation’s structure, culture and direction, by: providing support for human resources (HR) leaders and managers as they work to deliver a range of HR processes in one or more professional areas delivering some HR functions, such as administrative, information and processing activities. Whatever the nature or size of the organisation, the Associate Member gives vital support in one or more of the key component areas of human resources. So they may work within the central HR team, or in learning and development, or another of the professional areas within the HR remit. They may be someone setting out on an HR career, aiming for progression to Chartered Membership as they develop their skills, knowledge and experience. Or they could be someone who wishes to continue supporting fellow professionals without moving to Chartered Membership, but would like formal recognition for their existing role and contribution. Whichever it is, the Associate Member completes tasks and addresses problems that are well-defined but still have a degree of complexity. Operating within clearly defined limits they exercise some autonomy and judgement, taking and implementing appropriate decisions. The basis for their discretion is their knowledge and understanding of the organisation, and the established range of HR policies, processes, procedures and practices that they help deliver. Associate Membership signifies that this is someone who has been assessed against clear professional criteria – someone who demonstrates that they have the skill, knowledge and approach to make a significant supporting contribution, and deliver excellent results. It also confirms that they have signed up to the CIPD CPD Policy and Code of Professional Conduct, and work to its standards and criteria. Meeting the criteria To achieve Associate Membership the individual has to show that they have delivered against the criteria in a work environment. There are three elements in the criteria. 1. Activities – what the Associate Member does 2. Knowledge – what the Associate Member understands in order to carry out he activities 3. Behaviours – how the Associate Member carries out the activities. Activities: what the Associate Member does The Associate Member uses their specialist HR skills and knowledge to support HR leaders and managers, delivering information and services as and when required: consistently, on time and to standard. To do this the Associate Member: Maintains and produces management information collects and collates financial and non-financial data and statistics on the HR activities and processes within their work role converts raw data into meaningful HR and management information, and passes it on to managers and HR specialists, to inform plans, decisions, budgets produces clear and meaningful reports and updates, regularly and/or on request maintains HR record systems and individual records, with full, accurate and appropriate information and in line with data protection laws and regulations. Supports HR colleagues and line managers provides line managers/others with accurate and timely information/advice on HR policies, procedures and practices, in line with the organisation values and relevant regulations helps ensure that all HR processes provide equal opportunity, promote diversity, are based on merit and are applied equitably, fairly, reasonably and without bias manages the administration of continuing or one-off HR programmes, workshops, or meetings, and helps in their delivery. Supports improvement in processes and policieslooks for continuous improvement opportunities in HR processes, and feeds messages, ideas and observations to senior HR colleagues or managers supports change initiatives and programme implementation, maintaining service during the process and at the same time testing new approaches helps staff and managers outside HR to understand the need for and benefit of change, their role in the process, the next steps and the expected results. Maintains th eir Continuing Professional Development (CPD) enhances their professional skills, knowledge and behaviours through reflective and planned CPD. Knowledge: what the Associate Member understands To carry out the Activities the Associate Member has to know about and understand three contexts: 1. the organisation they work in or with 2. their specific work role (such as: generalist or specialist role) 3. the wider HR context. 1 The organisation and its context, including: the organisation’s structure, culture and operations its goals, targets and financial structure its HR policies, procedures, programmes, processes and practices its range of products and services and who its customers are how its teams work together to optimise performance. 2 The specific work role and the HR area(s) that are the focus for it, including: the relevant and appropriate legal and regulatory framework, and the external bodies and agencies that legislate and/or give advice and support how to contribute to the effective implementation of the organisation’s HR processes, procedures, practices, tools, techniques and approaches. 3 The wider HR context, including: how the different HR activities form an integrated whole, and the way that an action in their own professional area can affect other areas and impact on colleagues how to:plan and prioritise activities and their own work effectively, efficiently, on time and within budget -communicate effectively with employees at all levels -deliver service excellence, handle and resolve complaints and deal with difficult customers -use IT effectively and efficiently (specifically HR information systems). Behaviours: how the Associate Member carries out activities In delivering the Activities the Associate Member has to demonstrate how they meet the Behaviour criteria, organised in three clusters: Insights and influence, Operational excellence, Stewardship. Insights and influences 1. Curious keeps up to date with developments, ideas and trends in HR, the organisation and its sector. Uses information to inform personal CPD plans accepts and acts on feedback on their performance, taking action to broaden their experience, knowledge and skills uses information to inform personal CPD plans. 2. Decisive thinker uses knowledge and judgement to identify options and make day to day decisions makes sure information is accurate, consistent and relevant, before using it to carry out a task or make a decision. 3. Skilled influencerworks with other people to help gain commitment and support for changes or policies, using the appropriate communication channel or method puts forward logical and evidenced suggestions. Operational excellence 4. Driven to deliver identifies the steps needed to achieve agreed objectives, focusing on priorities keeps track of progress, to deliver on time and meet or exceed expectations. 5. Collaborative builds and maintains a network of useful contacts and relationships to support colleagues shows sensitivity and respect for other people’s feelings, cultures and beliefs. 6. Personally credible provides sound, realistic and impartial adviceconsistently delivers their promises and commitments and accepts responsibility for their actions, even when facing opposition. Stewardship 7. Courage to challenge shows courage to speak up, asks questions or for information, help or advice from other people when faced with unfamiliar issues or circumstances. 8. Role model demonstrates sound personal values and ethics, and operates within the organisation’s values, processes and expected behaviour supports colleagues in times of high workload or pressure deals with confidential and sensitive HR matters and data in line with professional good practice and the legal requirements.

Ladies Of Missalonghi Essays - Novellas, The Ladies Of Missalonghi

Ladies Of Missalonghi The author of the book, The Ladies of Missalonghi, by Colleen McCullough describes to the reader how Missy, an unattractive woman, in a small town differs from Alicia. Missy, the daughter of Drusilla did not really have any self-confidence in herself. She would begin by wondering what she really looked like. The house owned only one mirror, in the bathroom, and it was forbidden to stand and gaze at one's reflection. Thus Missy's impressions of herself were hedged with guilt that she might have stayed too long gazing. Oh, she knew she was quite tall, she knew she was far too thin, she knew her hair was straight and dark, that her eyes were black-brown, and her nose sadly out of kilter due to a fall as a child. She knew her mouth drooped down at its left corner and twisted up at its right, but she didn't know how this made her rare smiles fascinating and her normal solemn expression a clown like tragicomedy(Pg.35-36). Missy didn't really pay close attention to what she really looked liked. It didn't matter how women appeared in those days as how it does today. They seem to think that it's evil to look at oneself in the mirror, and that it's forbidden for a woman to look at her own image. Life had taught her to think of herself as a very homely person, yet something in her refused to believe that entirely, would not be convinced by any amount of logical evidence. So each night she would wonder what she looked like(Pg.36). She knew what she really looked like, but her conscious was telling her different. It was like she had something in her that was really setting her apart from her family and friends. Even in her mid-twenties she was still treated unfairly. Her mother looked down at her and did not appreciate any of the things that she did. Any pip-dreams Drusilla might have harboured about Missy's growing up to snatch the ladies of Missalonghi out of penury via a spectacular marriage died before Missy turned then; she was always homely and unprepossessing(Pg. 39). What her mother pictured Missy to be had been vanished when Missy was about ten. Her mother lost fate in her before she even had a chance to prove her decency. Missy also was living in her own fantasy world. Her mother was against her from reading romance books because it was a sin to know about love. She was shatter inside for she felt she will never experience love, thus this made her even more interested in romance and love. She also grew up into a family where love was evil and bad. She also never felt that intimate passion that she always wanted to feel. Her mother may have made her believe in other things that was n't true, but she wasn't going to abide by it. Missy felt that she was in-slaved by her mother and her aunts. Her mother made her do all the chores even when she was so sick that she couldn't move out of bed. When she got so sick and fainted, her mother and aunt were worrying about who was going to do the chores. She was like Cinderella who was left behind to clean and do everything. Even when she left the house to go get something, she always thought about milking the cows and that she had to hurry back before her mother would get mad at her. She had such a big responsibility that she didn't have any time for anyone, not even for her self to enjoy. Oh let it not be brown! Prayed Missy. I want a scarlet dress! A lace dress in the sort of red that makes your eyes swim when you look t its that's what I want!?brown, Drusilla finished at last, and sighed(Pg.51). She wanted a brown dress out of all the colors she had to pick from. She always felt that she matched brown best aside from other colors. The color brown which made her figur e even more darken, is the color that she liked best. I understand how disappointing this must be, but the truth of the matter

Analysis of ancient sculptures

Analysis of ancient sculptures The large kneeling statue of Hatshepsut The large kneeling statue of Hatshepsut is a Granite model of the goddess Hatshepsut. Hatsehpsut was the goddess of justice and order which is represented by the balancing weights on each of her hands. There is a kilt on her head which was mainly worn by male pharaohs. Hatshepsut was the first Egyptian female pharaoh, so in order to give it a solid presence the creators of the statue put a beard on it, just like the one that is on all statues of male pharaohs. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of ancient sculptures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A critical look at the statue’s face reveals a lack of any emotions. The majestic design of the statue is typical of artworks of the time which depicted the subject candidates as powerful individuals. The statue by its sheer size allows one to appreciate the power and greatness that was associated with the pharaoh. Fin esse of the statue even in its current run-down state can still be appreciated by means of the committed craftsmanship that was applied into the piece. The piece matches my standards of beauty because it is a combination of both realistic and surrealistic ideas. Some elements, for instance, the beard, bear a hidden message making the statue both an aesthetically-appealing and educative piece. Terracotta hydria (water jar) The Terracotta hydria is a black water jar embellished with an image of the prince Triptolemos as he delivers wheat to mankind on his winged chariot. The prince had been reputed to have received agricultural secrets from the goddess and the piece is one of numerous that depicted the youth travelling around Greece spreading his knowledge. The container presents some form of artistic inspiration in its design. However, the golden painting makes it even more interesting to look at the art. The artist who painted the image of the prince on the pot intended to present it vividly to the target audience and he clearly presented it in his work. The winged chariot is a symbolic indicator of how effective the prince was in spreading his agricultural knowledge, while the huge ears of wheat on his hands represent the big harvests made. Like any great art piece, the painting leaves one with unanswered questions allowing him/her to expand his imagination. Advertising Looking for essay on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For instance, I cannot understand why the prince would dress so elegantly on the painting but would have no shoes on his feet. I also would like to know how he controlled the chariot because there are no apparent control levers. The terracotta Kylix: siana cup (drinking cup) The Terracotta Kylix: siana cup is a drinking cup with an inscription of a mythological narrative depicting Achilles chasing a man riding a horse while pulling another (horse) on the side . Running on the side of the horsemen is a hare and a bird, strategically put there to emphasize the speed at which Achilles was running. The artwork blends well with the sculptural techniques of the ancient Greece, which mainly dwelled on mythical heroes, who dedicated their time to protecting the kingdom. The cup would have been like any other ceramic cup had the painting not been impressed on it. The paintwork makes it interesting to look at and also provides a chance for individuals to learn something from ancient Greece. Because of the seemingly long amount of time taken to emboss the image on the cup, it is almost obvious that very few of the kind were made. This is among the items that would only be affordable to a select class had it been created in modern days. The marble statue of a Kouros (youth) The statue of a Kouros (male youth), depicts a naked boy striding forward with hands dropped on the sides. In ancient Greece, such sculptures were used to mark graves. The stri de has been put there to give the sculpture balance, which would not have been the case had the character been presented standing straight. This fits well with the other sculptures of the time, which unlike those from Egypt, were completely life-like. In all the pieces that have been analyzed in this exercise, the marble statue of a Kouros wins my vote for both perfection and creativity because the sculptor(s) who worked on the Kouros placed emphasis on finesse in order to end up with a piece that anyone could stop and take time to study. However, unlike pieces such as the kneeling statue of Hatshepsut, the Kouros does not appear to have any representational purpose and was most likely used for decorative purposes. Having been carved from one block of granite, the compactness of the piece tells that the sculptors were very keen on accuracy. However, given a choice, I would not prefer to have this piece in my house since with time, nudity has come to be given some form of sanctity and I am sure my parents and other people of their generation would not appreciate it as art were they to find it in my house.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of ancient sculptures specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Can Undocumented Immigrants Go to College

Can Undocumented Immigrants Go to College SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips During my undergraduate years at Stanford and in my first job after graduation, I counseled a number of undocumented high school students. Many undocumented students incorrectly assume that they’re not allowed to go to college. While there are additional barriers that make pursuing a college education more difficult, I’m proud to say that I know multiple undocumented immigrants who are now graduates from prestigious universities. In this article, I’ll detail the rules and obstacles for undocumented students who pursue higher education. College Admission Policies for Undocumented Immigrants There is no federal law that prohibits the admission of undocumented immigrants to either public or private US colleges. However, institutional policies can vary, and some states have placed restrictions on undocumented students from attending in-state postsecondary institutions. The Georgia Board of Regents banned undocumented students from attending the top 5 state-funded colleges in Georgia. Also, Alabama and South Carolina prohibit undocumented students from enrolling at any public postsecondary institution. Despite these prohibitions, the majority of US colleges remain open to undocumented students. Many colleges are becoming increasingly vocal and open about their support for undocumented immigrant students. This year, Rutgers University-Newark held a college admissions fair for undocumented students. Furthermore, top colleges like Stanford, Dartmouth, Duke, and the University of Chicago have stated that they welcome the applications of undocumented students and have undocumented students enrolled. Regardless of citizenship status, you can be a college grad! However, even though undocumented immigrants can be admitted to most of the nation's colleges, financial obstacles make attending much more difficult. Financial Issues for Undocumented Immigrants Undoubtedly, the biggest hurdles for undocumented students going to college are financial. Federal Aid Undocumented students can't legally receive any federally funded aid, including loans, grants, scholarships, or work-study money. Most students who need financial assistance to attend college fill out a FAFSA, the Free Application for Federal Student Aid and are given federal grants and loans based on their expected family contribution. Undocumented students do not have this option because they're ineligible for all forms of federal aid. State Aid and In-State Tuition Many states treat undocumented students like foreign students. In these states, undocumented immigrants are ineligible for state aid and the lower in-state tuition charged to residents at state institutions. Arizona, Georgia, and Indiana specifically prohibit in-state tuition rates for undocumented students. States That Offer In-State Tuition Some states, though, have passed laws that enable undocumented students to pay in-state tuition if they meet certain conditions, and trends seem to indicate that more states will offer in-state tuition to undocumented students in the future. Currently, 16 states have laws allowing undocumented immigrants to pay in-state tuition provided they meet certain requirements: California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Texas, Utah, and Washington. For example, California has a state law known as AB 540. Undocumented students qualify for in-state tuition if they attend a California high school for 3 years, graduate from a California high school, and fill out an affidavit that says they will apply for US residency as soon as possible. Additionally, Oklahoma and Rhode Island allow in-state tuition rates for undocumented students through Board of Regents' decisions. And, in 2013, the University of Hawaii's and the University of Michigan's Board of Regents adopted policies for undocumented students to have access to in-state tuition at those colleges. States That Give Aid Presently, California, Minnesota, New Mexico, Texas, and Washington allow undocumented students to receive state aid. Private Scholarships Most private scholarships require applicants to be US citizens or legal residents. However, there are some scholarships that are open to undocumented immigrants and an increasing number of scholarships are specifically for undocumented students. For more information regarding private scholarships for undocumented students, check out: Golden Door Scholars TheDream.US MALDEF Scholarship Resources QuestBridge Becas Univision Scholarship Furthermore, you can review this scholarship guide for undocumented students. In addition to these scholarships, some private colleges, including NYU, grant scholarships or other aid to undocumented students. How to Address Your Citizenship on Your Application If you're an undocumented student, don't lie or misrepresent your citizenship status on your application. Leave your social security number blank. Don't put in an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number, Alien number, or any other number. For the University of California, undocumented students should select "No Selection" for their country of citizenship. In your application essay, absolutely, feel free to address your immigration status and situation. Colleges want to hear about obstacles that you've had to overcome, but don't let those obstacles define you. The purpose of the application essay is for the school to get to know you and get a better sense of how you could possibly contribute to the college's community. Focus on your accomplishments and what makes you unique as an individual. The Federal Education and Privacy Act (FERPA) protects the privacy of student records at all educational institutions. Whatever you write in your essay or talk about with admissions or financial aid counselors will not be reported. Additional Advice for Undocumented Immigrants State and federal laws change all the time, especially since immigration is such a politically charged issue. Educate yourself about current state and federal laws regarding tuition and aid rules for undocumented students. The two federal laws you should be aware of are DACA and the DREAM Act. If you are DACA eligible, you can get a work permit and be freed from the fear of deportation for at least 2 years. Unfortunately, you still won't be eligible for federal financial aid. The DREAM Act has not been passed and has undergone numerous changes since it was first proposed in 2001. However, if it ever passes, it could have a profound impact on higher education access for undocumented students. Also, if it does pass, you'll be on a path to citizenship if you attend college. If you have a good relationship with your counselor, talk with him or her about your options and get guidance. Remember, though, you do not have to reveal your immigration status or your parents' to any school personnel, and they can't ask you about it. Make yourself competitive for college admission. Get good grades, take college prep classes, do well on your standardized tests, and try to participate in extracurricular activities. Because your immigration status may limit your options, you should do what you can to give yourself the most opportunities. Additionally, some of the scholarships that you're eligible for are more likely to go to high achieving students. Contact admissions officers and financial aid counselors at the schools you're interested in attending. Typically, they'll try to be helpful and they won't report your immigration status. They can inform you of their financial aid options for undocumented students and let you know how to fill out the school's application, specifically in regards to questions about citizenship and residency. Do research on colleges that offer support for undocumented students. For example, UCLA and UC Berkeley have support programs that provide services and advice for undocumented students. Finally, look at the Repository of Resources For Undocumented Students. It has information about state laws. Also, it has information about scholarships you may be eligible for and organizations that can offer you support and advice. While you may have more hurdles to overcome, graduating from college is possible and will likely give you a better life and future. What's Next? If you're an undocumented student, there may be additional factors to consider, but you should review this post on how to choose a college. Also, you'll want to know the best college search websites. Lastly, if you're wondering how to make yourself as competitive for college admission as possible, read this article on building the most versatile college application. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Justin Berkman About the Author Justin has extensive experience teaching SAT prep and guiding high school students through the college admissions and selection process. He is firmly committed to improving equity in education and helping students to reach their educational goals. Justin received an athletic scholarship for gymnastics at Stanford University and graduated with a BA in American Studies. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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Anything related to Munich or Nuremberg Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Anything related to Munich or Nuremberg - Essay Example The city is alleged to be instituted by Benedictine, a monk, in 1158. The post administrative structure of Munich has been autonomous in leadership divisions, and consultative decisions must be made. Leaders are picked through anindependent legal system for a duration implemented by the constitution, normally four years. This was after war waged by the Americans and later revealed that supremacyis intended for the locals (Stolleis 2004). Nazis movements organised and controlled the better part of Munchin and Germany as a whole for the period of the first world war. (Kopleck 2006)explains thatthemovement formed was anextremist, who were racists and anti-communists. Its presencewas to forcepopulaces to be nationalists, rather than socialists. The associationprohibited democracy as it assumed it profited the jew. Munich through the denunciation of this association fought against it escalating to its territory.It wasbombarded with bombs and heavy loss was gathered (Kopleck 2006). However, it waslater restored andsalvaged its splendour after the close of the second world confrontation, and the resignation of Hitler. Munich is a traditionalist township, (Hendriks 1999)and has remainedgoverned byonly SDP Party since the second world hostilities, conceding just once to the opposition, CSU. The present-day mayor is Christian Ude from the SDP party, who has reigned since 2008 (Munich Sister City Association of Greater Cincinnati 2009). Munchen is celebrates historic events which has led to whittling the political structure of the contemporaryregime. The administrative and statutorysystem areadopted into command by a prevalent party which rarely loses its approval. The inhabitants are known to be very conformist and their optimal choice of leaders is determined by their choice of political party3. Its political thinking was grounded in Aristotle’s viewpoint, which stressed on morals and coherent thinking.They Maintained

Organizational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Organizational Communication - Essay Example Logically, communication plays a key role in conflict management. This is because the conflicting parties are required to talk about the basis of their conflict. Besides these, people can socialize and work towards the goal of the organization. Additionally, communication promotes innovation. Arguably, communication mainly promotes productivity, regulation and coordination of the organization (Baker, 2002 p10). This is because the organization is able to put across its goals and expectations of its employees. In summary, communication plays key roles in organization as it eventually leads to productivity. Andrew did not begin his winery mainly as a wide business idea, but as a family business. However, the turning point came when he made a report and was asked to head the winery. This organization depicts growth and development of an organization. This is evident when Andrew makes a presentation to the potential market and was placed the president. This shows professionalism and expertise. Additionally, he took time to learn about agriculture. The changes affect the organization. This is because Alice says that the organization grows at a faster rate. Therefore, Andrews Winery was growing from a small scale to a large-scale organization. However, the winery’s growth seems to affect the employees. This is because the organization does not maintain its original way of handling the investors. This, therefore, has a negative affect on the organization’s business and prosperity. Therefore, it would have been better if the growth was gradual. Additionally, they cannot talk to Bill, which indicates that this organization lacks adequate communication

Domain Name Disputes Essay Example for Free

Domain Name Disputes Essay A domain name is user-friendly way of expressing the Internet Protocol (IP) address of a web location. When the domain name of the web site is entered, it would provide a direct link to access the content located on the site of the IP address. The domain name has characters and numerals separated out by dots (. ) which suggest various levels in the domain name. A domain name can have anywhere between one to 63 characters, and can include certain special characters such as (-). The valid characters of the domain name include A to Z and 1 to 9 and 0. Capitalisation is not used as a method to distinguish from one domain name to another . Domain name has been a very user-friendly way of accessing content on the internet, and hence people often use it to search for businesses on the net. Today’s domain name system was earlier utilised by the network set up by the department of defence and academic organisations for research and communications purposes. This Domain name system (DNS) was initiated as early as 1984 and has been extended to all areas of the world where the internet is accessible today. The domain name would actually convert into an IP address, which would suggest a physical location of a computer or a system on the Internet . Since, not more than one site can have one address; there have been a lot of conflicts in the use of domain names. A particular domain name would have different levels. The various levels in the domain name are separated or recognised using the special character dot (. ) (to differentiate between the various levels). If you take the domain name abc. xxx, it is a second level domain name, consisting of 2 levels, abc and xxx. On the other hand, mno. abc. xxx, consists of three levels, namely mno, abc and xxx. The characters in the domain name are usually counted from the right to the left . The Internet protocol addresses, domain names, etc, which are utilised for internet management are today generally handled by an organisation known as the â€Å"Internet Assigned Numbers Authority† (IANA). In turn the daily affairs regarding the assignment of top level and second level domain names are taken care of by individual Internet Registries (IR) . There are several hierarchies of domain names including top level domain names (TLDs’), Second Level Domain names (SLD’s), third level domain names (3LD’s), etc. The management of the top level domain names are done by the ICANN at the international level. They also provide resolution of disputes at the international level through an arbitrary and simplified process known as ‘UDRP’ (Uniform Domain Resolution Policy) . The TLD’s are the domain name that appears after the last (. ) in the domain name. For example, in a general domain name such as abc. com, the . com is the TLD. Again, the TLD can be of two types namely, a generic TLD and a country specific TLD. The generic TLD’s include . com, . net, . info, . xxx, . org, . edu, . tv, . res, . mil, . gov, . int, etc. The country specific TLD’s include Top level domain names that are specific to certain countries such as . fr, . eu, . in, . my, . us, etc. For specific top level domain name types, a specific registry would be approved (assigned by the ICANN), to assign, manage and handle any issues that may arise for that TLD . TLD’s can be again classified as two types depending on the restriction imposed to register and assign, including restricted generic TLD’s and unrestricted generic TLD’s. Restricted generic TLD’s would require certain amount of eligibility to register in the registry. For instance, the TLd . int, requires that the body registering be an international approved organisation such as the WIPO, WHO, etc. No person can register under this TLD without eligibility. Verisign (an internet registry) would likewise permit registration of telecom organisations to register under the generic TLD . net. Only non-profit organisations, institutions, voluntary organisations, etc, can register under the TLD . org. Organisations that are governmental in nature, can register under the domain name . gov. Unrestricted domain names, do not require eligibility regarding organisation type or geographical location, and any person can register under such domain names without restrictions, on a first come first served basis. One such domain name is the . com, which accounts for about half of all the domain names registered in the world. People wanting a domain name under the . com TLD, need not demonstrate any eligibility, but can register a particular domain name on a first come first served basis . Many people site that the greater amount of interests by commercial organisations in the . com registry and the offering of registration on a first come first served basis, has created huge conflicts in the domain name allocation. Country coded top level domain names are assigned domain names based on country specifications. Only if the organisation is located in a certain country or provides business or services to a particular country would it be permitted to use that ccTLD. For instance . uk or . my are TLD’s belonging to the United Kingdom and Malaysia, respectively . The second level domain name is the portion of the domain name that lies before the (. ) of the TLD. This may include a unique name corresponding to an IP address or may be even suggestive of the geographical location of the business. For instance in abc. net, the second level domain name is abc. On the other hand, abc. uk. org, the second level domain name is . uk, and it suggests the country code. Abc, would then belong to a third level domain name (3LD). The United Kingdom is a country that follows a top-level country coded domain name. For instance, the domain of several organisations in the UK would be abc. org. uk and not abc. uk. org . Domain name and Intellectual Property Rights Many courts have tried to define what a domain name is. They consider it to be an address, which has to be selected by the user, and since one user would be using one address, it needs to be unique and not identical. The courts also give consideration that people would often try to guess the web address from the name, location and other features of the applicant. A domain name is more of a sign or a mark which can help to distinguish the goods and services of one trader from the goods and the services of another. Hence, a domain name can be having an intellectual value and can be given an â€Å"Intellectual Property Right Protection† . Following a rise in the traffic and popularity of the internet, there has been a rise in the domain name issues. Domain name were considered to be earlier more of addresses that helped to located the trader or an organisation on the cyber world. However, today domain names are turning out to be more of identifiers, trademarks, marks or indications of the goods, services, etc, of a particular trader. A domain name consists of alphabets, numerals, punctuation marks, etc, and hence possesses the characteristics of a trademark. For many companies, the value of the domain name is considered great as they would be using the internet for business . Today domain name rather than the name of the companies are considered to be identifiers and are often being used as advertisements. Hence, in many instances, domain names and trademarks are in conflict. It is important to note several special characteristics of domain names:- 1. They are global as once they are registered anybody from the world can use the address to gain access to the trader’s web site 2. They need to be unique as only one address can lead to a web site 3. Domain name are often guessed by the users, and hence minor changes or errors need to ensure that the user still is able to reach the intended location 4. An honest and current domain name user cannot exist as in the case of trademarks 5. Domain can cannot be given for style of writing, colouring patterns, use of images, etc Companies have moved their business over to the internet and this has created several conflicts with the traditional trademark owners. If a traditional trademark owner finds that a internet business company is using a name similar to the trademark’s owner, then he has to prove that the internet business is in fact using the name in bad faith, trying to dilute the name of the trademark owner, to create unfair competition or to create confusion in the minds of the consumer. Earlier, the NSI had a dispute resolution policy, but there was a lot of controversy in the processes, such that both opposing parties had to come to an agreement. The ICANN has implemented URDP that would be applied in all domain name disputes that are used in bad faith . Organisations concerned with domain name Issues When the internet was initially started and expanded for commercial and academic use, the non-military segment of domain name allocation was done by the NSF (National Science Foundation). This was followed till 1992, and in the year 1993, the Network Solutions Incorporation was formed which helped to register all the generic TLD’s, . net’s, . com’s, etc . Till the year 1999, the NSI ensured that all the registration and allocation of second level domain names for the major TLD’s was brought about. Considering that about half of all the domain names are in the . com segment, NSI had a major role to play in allocating domain names. They also had some amount of control over dispute resolution processes. However, the NSI did not have any official mediation processes, and was not responsible officially for domain name conflicts. Initially, the NSI provided registration to the domain names on a first come first served basis and did not check the credibility of the registering organisation. This according to many has led to conflicts regarding domain names across the world. The NSI did not check whether the domain name was a part of the party’s name . Slowly there was huge controversy regarding the manner in which domain names were allocated and provided registration by the NSI. There was a huge increase in the trademark disputes especially in the . com TLD domain. The IANA had no concern for legal issues over the domain name allocations. Hence, many nations including the US had concern over the allocation of domain names over the internet . In 1997, the management of several generic TLD’s were handed over to the International Ad Hoc Committee (IAHC). The organisation helped in framing 7 new generic TLD’s and ensuring greater amount of healthy competition in the second level domain names . The NSI and the IANA were together concerned with the development of a set of rules and regulations for the assignment of domain names. They developed a corporation that would have jurisdiction for the assignment of domain names throughout the world. This organisation (ICANN) also helped in the development of rules and regulations for the internet domain names. The US DOC also played a major role in the development of the ICANN. The final version of the bylaws by the ICANN was released on October 2, 1998, and released by the DOC. On November 1998, the ICANN and the DOC decidedly to jointly design rules, regulations, mechanisms and methods to ensure Domain name functions. The DOC and other organisations were interested in bringing about better competition and ensuring stability. The role of the US government was slowly being transferred to the ICANN. The NSI also changed its name to Verisign. It was concerned with developing a shared registration system and provides services under the generic TLD’s such as . com, . net, etc. Verisign has to sell certain number of registers in order to have authority of the . com register in 2001. However, some of the registries of Verisign and ICANN still are shared from May 2001. Verisign would operate various registries such as the . org registry till 2002, the . net registry till 2005, the . com registry till 2007. The ICANN has allocated the . org registry from 2002 to 2008 to Public Internet Registry and Verisign for the . net registry from 2005 to 2011 . Public and social issues concerned with domain name allocation The domain name has turned out to be a huge business model for several companies. The ads-per-click policy, which would ensure that advertisements placed in the domain name would make more money than the domain itself, would ensure that the domain is continued. On the other hand, if the cost of the domain is more than the advertisements, then the domain is ceased for the next year. There is also a five-day grace period (following registration), which ensures that anybody who has registered a wrong domain can go back and correct his/her mistake. Today, domain names are created and dropped at a very fast rate, and hence, people are in huge confusions. This is happening at a very fast rate, even faster than the rate trademarks are picked up and dropped. To ensure certain amount of control at the rate at which the domain names are picked up and dropped, the ICANN is monitoring several registries. It has given certain number of its registries to companies that can sell out domain name. Such companies are known as ‘registrars’, and they would usually be working on the . com and . net TLD. However, the ICANN has introduced a 5 day window period, which would allow the registering body to make changes or take back the domain name registration within a period of 5 days. The ICANN can also recommend the owner to make modify or even remove certain domain names registered during the window period. This would ensure that any illegal activities or potentially abuse over the internet can be prevented. At the same time, healthy competition can be encouraged over the internet . Since January 003, there has been a shift in the management of the . org TLD from Verisign to the Public Internet Registry, which is an organisation created in 2002 keeping the public internet in mind . During the mid-1990’s, the US government decided to shift several infrastructure and governance that the US government and the military had over the internet over to private bodies. The government felt that the main reason for implementing such policies were because the industry themselves can specialise in creating effective policies and ensure development and advancement through regulations and policies framed over internet. The US government also tried to install several institutional controls means to ensure that the private bodies that had certain governance over the internet. Several organisations such as the ICANN and the IAHC also felt that the international involvement was very important in developing a domain name policy. However, the US government was also concerned that the internet control may go out of US hands and hence framed certain principles in the form Green Paper and White Paper. The White paper included several characteristics such as dominant coalition, steadiness, competitiveness, private, bottom up coordination, representation, etc. The ICANN brought about a transfer of the DNS control from the US government to the global environment. The entire interest of the community was needed to be represented through the actions of the ICANN, which included organisations, society, communities, etc. The ICANN had a bottom-up approach of governance. Many people feel that the ICANN has made the internet very much suited for public interests and before the ICANN had any control over the internet, it was more of a private domain that was exclusively controlled by the US Federal Government. Many people say the internet developed from resources of the Federal government and the military. However, it is also important to note that neither the federal government nor the military had any role to play in the day to day policy-making, decision-making and management of the internet. The policy making and the management of the internet has developed through interactions between private organisations having certain authorities over the internet. Besides, users and institutions also play a very important role in giving feedback to these organisations. Whatever policies are being developed by the ICANN or Verisign are done considering public benefit. By handing over the internet governance to appropriate authorities, not only are the problems solved regarding usage, content, etc, but day-to-day management issues are also well sorted out . Many people consider that by handing over the internet to private organisations, the US government has not privatised the internet, but has handed over it to the private sector decision-makers that would specialise in framing policies and managing issues with regards to domain names. The NSI was the first private organisation to manage the Domain name registration and allocation. The NSI, ICANN and other such organisation gave a lot of importance to domain name as a unique method of accessing a web site. Hence, today domain name is considered as an important property by several organisations, which would often be using it as a trademark. The issue of cyber-squatting was also prevalent due to the importance given by these organisations over domain name . Many people consider that domain name is private properties. However, considering the oppositions laid by other parties over the specific use of domain names and the implementation of strong registry services, demonstrate that Domain names may not exactly be private property. The ownership of these registries lies with the appropriate organisations, but certain amount of information is available to the public. The ICANN has come out strongly that the information stored in the registry database lies specifically with the owner or applicants, and only the database as a whole is owned by the registration organisation . Property rights and Domain names Property rights help to delimit the extent to which the rights of the individual would apply and the rights of the public would end. Several policies such as endowment, approximation and institutionalisation were applied to ensure proper enforcement of property law. The owner of the property has the right to benefit from his property and reap the fruits. The owner of the IP has to benefit from his right by defending the economic benefits. The owner would be having a certain monopoly with regards to his intellectual property right, but at the same time his ownership cannot be guaranteed, as all intellectual property rights instruments are not perfectly efficient. They would and should ensure certain legitimate use by other parties within certain limits. The owner is left to utilise his intellectual property effectively such that he can exclude others and claim the most economic benefits. In certain cases, there may be certain excesses which would anyway land in the hands of other parties including public and the rivals . In the case of domain names, the IP application seem to be simple and straightforward, but over a period of time a lot of controversies have developed requiring a lot of legal control. Earlier it was even difficult to transfer a domain name used by one individual to another. However, following the implementation of several rules and regulations, it is now possible to transfer the domain registry from one person to another. However, there is still controversy regarding the . com registry agreement between Verisign and the ICANN. Verisign would operate the . com registry and provide registration for . com’s. On the other hand, it would follow the policies laid down by the ICANN, and pay ICANN for its services (of policy-making). Today several registries that carry information and details regarding the registration of domain names do not exactly specify who the owner would be. If such an agreement is missing, then the domain names would be owned by the registries or according to the ICANN it would be owned by the public. If one single organisation owns such a registry, then it would not help to meet the rights of the other parties. For instance, earlier, the NSI only managed the registry of . com’s, and slowly other organisations such as Verisign, ICANN, etc, have been involved. This would ensure greater stability and sustainability. Currently, the registry database has been owned by the organisation that has been merely allocated responsibility. This does not speak legitimately of being the owner of the domain names. Currently, the monopoly of the generic TLD lies with one organisation and the country code TLD rests with certain organisations that the government of the country has allocated to. The ICANN has freely encouraged the transfer and the reassignment of domain name rights from one party to another. The rights are transferred in such a way that they would end up with owners who are in a better position to make effective use of the resources. However, transferability of domain name registries is subjected to certain limitations. Several generic TLD registries and the ICANN have contractual agreements. Either of the parties should be able to transfer the rights to another party with a mutual consent. For example the NSI was taken over by Verisign and so were the registries. However, the person taking over the registry may not always make full benefit of the registry and may not full the responsibilities mentioned. In a dynamic internet environment, there is also the possibility that the new registry owner may not make full use and understand the importance of the contents of the registry. When one company would be buying over the other company, the registry would also play a very important role in the takeover costs. The free transferring of the domain name registries would create an instable domain name registry. In the generic TLD, the registries are monopoly, and hence if the information of the registry is not transferred during ownership transfers, the entire domain would be affected . Any property right instrument should ensure that the owner can exercise his right and also transfer his ownership to other parties freely. However, in the case of registries, as there a lot of problems with regards to stability and continuation of the system, the information of the registry is not a property of the registry organisation, but in the public domain. Domain Name Disputes and Arbitration The sudden explosion over the use of the internet in today’s world has placed domain names in direct conflict with trademarks. The use of a domain name would apply throughout the world, as the internet is accessible throughout the world. On the other hand, the trademark laws of a particular nation would vary with that of another, and hence, there is always a chance that trademark laws and domain name laws are in direct conflict with one another. Domain names would apply to the product and services of a service provider and hence ought to be given the same protection as trademarks . On the other hand, registries that register domain names give the importance of registering on a first-come-first served basis. Oppositions would say domain names contains alphabets and numerals, and hence, qualify to become a trademark. However, no rule is hard and fast. Domain name owners feel that the domain names are not protected under trademark laws as the internet is a global media having no offline limitation. On the other hand, the trademark owners feel that domain names are trademarks and hence are liable to file for dilution, unfair competition, etc . One of the main reasons as to why there is intense disputes with regards to domain names, is due cyber-squatting, in which somebody would register a particular domain name, and later try to sell it to the trademark owner. Domain name registries are accepting registration of domain names on a first-come first-served basis, and hence any person can register a popular trademark as a domain name and later plan to sell to the trademark owner. Often the prices quoted by the cyber-squatters are much more than what is paid of registration. Besides, cyber-squatters can misuse the trademark of the owner, and in turn wrongfully attract customers or tarnish the name of the original trademark owner . In the year 1995, the NSI framed a policy to settle disputes between domain name holders and trademark holders. The NSI is left out of the conflict and does not have the right to suspend the services of the domain name holder. Slowly, the importance of the trademark owners began to be felt. Trademarks owners can extent their services on to the internet, considering that it would be an ideal environment for business purposes. Customers on the other hand may also consider domain names being similar to trademarks for search purposes . One of the means of solving domain name disputes is by adopting the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy implemented by the ICANN in 1999. This is mainly to solve the disputes that arise between domain name owners and trademark owners. The WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Centre would conduct the UDRP procedures. The process is much faster than the courts, and besides the decisions given is credible and impartial. The fees that are imposed are less than the routine courts . ICANN and UDRP The ICANN UDRP has been implemented for several TLD’s including . net, . com, . org, etc. However, it is not applicable to the country level TLD’s, such as . uk, . in, etc. The dispute resolution policy would occur between the domain name holder and the registering authority, such as country-coded domain registering organisation. The UDRP would set the terms and conditions that would arise in case of conflict arise between the domain name holder and any other party, except the registrar (ICANN). According to the ICANN, certain terms and conditions need to be followed when registering for a domain name. The registrant should ensure that all statements made are true, complete, and the domain name would not violate the rights of others. The domain name so registered would not be done for an illegal cause and would not be used to overcome any law. Any action done for the domain name would be lead to the owner being held responsible. The ICANN can transfer, modify or cancel a domain name registered if the domain name registrant requires so, if the court having a jurisdiction requires that the domain name be changed or cancelled or if a relevant administrative body requires that the domain name be changed or expelled. Depending on the situations, the ICANN would make a request to the domain name holder to perform such changes. The URDP procedure would be conducted before an administrative tribunal. Usually such tribunals would come into action whenever a third party has an issue with a particular domain name and files an application for objection before the ICANN. The three elements of conflicts arise include:- †¢ Domain name similar or confusingly similar to a trademark (and the complainant has filed an objection before the URDP) †¢ The registrant has no interests legally over a particular domain name †¢ Domain names which have been registered and utilised in bad faith Only if these three elements are proved during trial before the administrative tribunal (by the complainant) would the complainant be able to prove that the domain name registrant has registered the domain name in bad faith. During the course of trial, the complainant should be able to prove certain evidences:- †¢ The domain name registrant has primarily registered the domain name to sell, rent or transfer the domain name to the true owner later (who is the current trademark holder). †¢ The domain name registrant has registrant has tried to register the domain name with the sole purpose of selling the domain name later to a competitor of the complainant. †¢ The domain name has been registered to prevent the trademark holder from using the domain name for his usual business. †¢ Domain name has been registered for obstructing the usual trade of the complainant. †¢ The domain name registered has registered the domain name so as to create confusion in the public or to have an association with the original trademark holder and gain commercially. There is every chance that the people would get confused in such a situation and may get attracted to the domain name . The domain name holder however has certain rights over the legitimate claim and use of a domain name. Some of the legitimate interests of the domain name holder include:- †¢ The domain name is being utilised for the honest interests of the domain name holder †¢ The domain name holder has created a separate identity for himself and is known most often by the domain name, even though a separate trademark does not exist. †¢ The domain name has been created for legal and non-commercial interests, meeting up to the fair use clauses. †¢ The domain name has not been created to confuse people with an association to a particular trademark or to tarnish/dilute the image of the original trademark holder . The complainant has the choice of selecting an administrative tribunal from the variety offered for handling that particular case. The ICANN would appoint a panel that would discuss the case and offer its decision based on evidence. The complainant or the respondent can file a single administrative hearing before the panel if multiple disputes are present. The administrative panel has the right to discuss all the cases as one or separate each out, depending up on the policy of the ICANN. The fees for the administrative procedure under the URDP would be paid by the complainant, and in case the complainant requires that the panel be increased from one member to three members, the fees would also increase and would be payable by the complainant and the respondent. The ICANN would not participate in any administrative procedure held in front of the administrative panel, and at the same time cannot be held liable for any decisions given by the panel. In case the complainant is able to prove his/her point, the domain name of the respondent would be cancelled by the administrative panel and would be handed over to the complainant. Once the administrative panel makes a decision, the ICANN would be informed, and the efforts would be made by the organisation to inform the public through the website. In certain cases requiring reasonable secrecy, efforts would be made not to publish such information . If the respondent wishes to seek justice, he can further go to the appropriate court and file his case before, it and the ICANN would not interfere in this matter. The ICANN would within 10 days cancel or transfer the domain name, but in case of a lawsuit, it would wait for then 10 days for the notice and not enable the decision of the administrative tribunal. The ICANN may also not implement the decision of the administrative tribunal in case a fair agreement has reached between the complainant and the respondent regarding the use of the domain name. The ICANN and the URDP cannot be considered as evidence in any case regarding a dispute of a domain name . There may be certain periods of time when a domain name cannot be transferred from one party to another. This may include during an administrative enquiry, ongoing court lawsuit, etc. All policies framed by the ICANN would be made known to the public at least 30 days in advance before the policies are implemented. If the policies of the ICANN are not suitable for a particular domain name, then the domain name holder can cancel his registration and reapply, when the rules are changed . The member who belongs to the administrative panel should provide an impartial and independent decision during the process of discussion. In case certain decisions have to be made in an impartial way, then the provider should be informed of the same. The URDP procedure is an instrument meant to ensure interests of the public and the society along with certain number of private interests. The URDP procedures are primarily arranged to manage cases in which domain names have been registered in bad faith, misappropriation or for a wrongful intention, so as to destroy the good name of the trademark owner. These cases would hence extent to situations in which the domain name are similar or confusingly similar to the trademark owner or have been registered in bad faith. The URDP would be doing case-by-case analysis and would be providing an appropriate decision based on the evidence and the facts

oxygen :: essays research papers fc

Oxygen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen Atomic number8Atomic weight15.9994Melting point-218.4oC (-361.1oF) Boiling point-183.0oC (-297.4oF) Density (1 atom, 0oC) 1.429 g/lValence2electronic config.2-6 or 1s22s22p4.Oxygen is one of the must important factors that made it possible for life to exist in this planet. Oxygen is also one of the elements must found in earth. Oxygen can be found in in metals, water, and even the one thin that protects us from the powerful sunrays. Oxygen is a very unstable element, which makes it easy to make compounds with other elements creating different kinds of solids and liquids. Oxygen is found in the air as O2, and found in the ozone as O3. Oxygen is essential to all planets’ life. The Discovery of Oxygen   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On August 1, 1774, Joseph Priestly examined the effect of intense heat on mercuric oxide. He noted that an air or gas was readily expelled from the specimen. To his surprise a candle burned in this with a remarkably vigorous flame. He called this new substance dephlogisticated air in terms of the current chemical theory of combustion. When he went to Paris on 1775 he showed his discovery to Antoine Lavoisier. When Antoine examined the gas he found that dephlogisticated air combined with metals and other substance. Because some of the compounds form acids he called the gas Oxygen form the Greek words for sour and I Produce.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Oxygen in the Atmosphere   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Atmosphere surrounding the earth is a mechanical mixture of gases. The most important of these gases are oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is the essential element for life. It is odorless, colorless, tasteless, and slightly heavier than air. The chief commercial source of oxygen is the atmosphere. Oxygen may be separated from the mixture of gases that make up the atmosphere. This is done by physical means by subjecting air to very high pressures and low temperatures until a point is reached where it passes form the gaseous into the liquid state. Than the liquid is introduce to some warm, so that nitrogen, which has a lower boiling point then oxygen, evaporates off. Oxygen as first prepared by heating certain metals oxides, including mercury oxide. Ozone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ozone (O3), named for the Greek word for â€Å"smell,† is a poisonous, colorless and tasteless gas with a distinctive smell. Molecules of ozone are probably the source of the smell that can be detected close to working electrical equipment such as motors and TVs.

Com/156 Week: 5: Outline and Thesis Statement Guide

Appendix H: Outline and Thesis Statement Guide name COM/156 date instructor Associate Level Material Appendix H Outline and Thesis Statement Guide A smoker may breathe better, have a less chance of getting cancer, and live longer if a choice is made to quit early in life. The benefits on their health when they quit smoking at an early age are immediate and substantial. A smoker may breathe better, have a less chance of getting cancer, and live longer if a choice is made to quit early in life. There are more reasons to stop smoking than there are to continue.Smoking cessation is the most important step that smokers can take to enhance the length and quality of their lives. I. There are many causes which make people smoke and  the effect of smoking  to their health. Even though smoker claim to get a calming affect when smoking, the negative outweigh the positive. Scientists and experts have made their point about there are some very severe reasons of smoking but its critical conseq uences should also be taken into consideration. However, it can divide to two main causes which are physical and psychological. A.The main causes for smoking are physical and psychological. 1. The physical cause of smoking concerns the human body's need for nicotine. 2. Smoking is psychological and seems to be due to low self-esteem. B. Not only does smoking cause diseases and is a slow way to die because of the effect smoking has on the human body. They know smoking has effects on the human body such like to the eyes, mouth and throat; lung, heart, stomach; pancreas and it also can cause cancers to those targeted areas. 1. The effect of smoking on the eyes, mouth and throat 2.The effect of smoking on the lung and heart 3. The effect of smoking on the stomach and pancreas II. When they stop smoking, their body experiences some positive side effects that may lengthen their lifespan. These positive aspects come in a lengthy time frame but with the ability to refrain from smoking, they will soon feel healthier all throughout their body. A. 20 minutes after they decide to quit smoking their body already starts healing. 1. Blood pressure returns to normal. 2. Pulse becomes stable and normal again. B.The effects of smoking cessation after 8 hours. 1. Oxygen levels turn to normal. 2. Nicotine and carbon monoxide levels in the blood are reduce by half. C. The effects of smoking cessation after 12-24 hours. 1. Carbon monoxide levels in blood drop to normal. 2. Carbon monoxide will be eliminated from the body. 3. Lungs start to clear out mucous and other smoking debris. D. The effects of smoking cessation after 48-72 hours. 1. There is no nicotine left in the body. 2. Ability to taste and smell is improved. 3. Breathing becomes easier. 4.Bronchial tubes begin to relax and energy levels increase. E. The effects of smoking cessation after 2-12 weeks. 1. Circulation improves. 2. Lung function increases. F. The effects of smoking cessation after 3-0 months. 1. Lung function s are increased by up to 10% which reduces coughs, wheezing and breathing problems. 2. Exercise becomes easier without losing your breath. G. The effects of smoking cessation after 12 months. 1. Excess risk of heart disease is about half and declines gradually hereafter. 2. A healthier heart starts to emerge on medical records. III.After the first year, their body continues to heal up until 15 years after they have quit the habit of smoking. The risk for certain disease becomes less and the way that they feel improves even more. A. The risk of heart attacks and strokes become less. 1. Risk of heart attack falls to about half that of a smoker. 2. Risk of stroke returns to the level of people who have never smoked (5-15 years). I. The effects of smoking cessation after 10-15 years. 1. Risk of lung cancer falls to about half that of a smoker. 2. Risk of lung cancer is less than that observed in nonsmokers. . Risk of coronary heart disease is no different than that of someone who has ne ver smoked. 4. If you have quit smoking before age 50 you have halved the risk of dying in the next 15 years compared with continuing smokers. In conclusion the sooner they quit smoking the sooner their body can start to heal. The healing process takes 15 years to completely reach its full potential. With this being said, the sooner a person quits smoking, the more chance they have to breathe better, have a less chance of getting cancer, and live longer.It is said that if they quit smoking by the age of 50, they are giving themselves longer than 15 more years to die. Younger people heal faster than older people, this is a known fact. The younger a person is when they decide to quit smoking, the longer they will live according to their physical health. References Stop smoking programs. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. stop-smoking-programs. org/quit-smoking-benefits. html University Of Phoenix. (2012). Appendix H: Outline and Thesis Statement Guide. Retrieved from University Of Pho enix, COM156 Version 5 website.

My Dream Essay

There is a saying that failure is the greatest teacher. I know in order to pursue my dream, I will face failure. This cannot be stopped. Even Albert Einstein and Sir Isaacs Newton faced failure when they are trying to create a great formula that is remained to be used till today. I got influence when I watched a drama titled ‘Brain’. It is a very great drama. To me, brain is most powerful thing in this world. The human brain is the center of the human nervous system. It has the same general structure as the brains of other mammals, but is larger than expected on the basis of body size among other primates. It controls everything that we do. Brain is a very interesting and unique thing to study about. I would like to perform a surgery on brain. It will be hard, but I am ready because I always am. I will make a lot of money. I will buy my parents a house and they can rest comfortably in the house without doing any difficult works. They had gone through a lot in order to raise me and my sisters. I can always make a research on how to make a good but affordable surgery. It is very crucial because nowadays, the surgery especially on brain is costly. Not all people can afford this. There is not much brain surgery in conducted in Malaysia because there are not many specialists here. If someone need to undergone neurosurgery, they will fly overseas where the facilities is said to be more perfect. In 10 years from now, Malaysia will change to well develop country. So the facilities here will be more perfect. More brain surgery can be conducted here. Like I said before, it is very important to have a big dream. It is not wrong. Even if you cannot achieve if, just make it as your vision. Dream can help you to prepare to face this challenging world. What am I going through now is just the start. I just find the keys. I am still trying to open the door. When I finally did, I will not hesitate.

Censor the Internet essays

Censor the Internet essays The freedom of speech that was possible on the Internet could now be subjected to governmental approvals. For example, China is attempting to res5trict political expression, in the name of security and social stability. It requires users of the Internet and e-mail to register, so that they can monitor their activities (Gates). In the United Kingdom, state secrets and personal attacks are off limits on the Internet. Laws are strict and the government is extremely interested in regulating the Internet with respect to these issues (Gates). Laws intended for other types of communication will not necessarily apply in this group. Through all the components of the Internet it becomes easy to transfer material that particular governments might find objectionably. However, all of these ways of communicating on the Internet make up a large and vast system. For inspectors to monitor every e-mail, every article in every Newsgroup, every webpage, every IRC channel, every Gopher site, and every FTP site would be near impossible. Besides taking as extraordinary amount of time and money, attempts to censor the Internet violate freedom of speech, a right that is included in democratic constitutions and international laws (Silencing the Net...). It would be a breach of the First Amendment. The Constitution of the united States of America Declares that "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to asse3mble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances" (Constitution). Therefore it would be unconstitutional for any sort of censorship to occur on the Internet. Even though it is illegal, restrictions on Internet access and content are increasing worldwide under all forms of government. In France, a country where the press generally has a large amount of freedom, the Inter...

What It Means When Congress Is In Recess

What It Means When Congress Is In Recess A recess of the U.S. Congress or the Senate is a temporary break in proceedings. It can be within the same day, overnight, or for a weekend or period of days. It is done instead of an adjournment, which is a more formal close of proceedings. An adjournment for more than three days requires approval by both the House and the Senate, according to the Constitution, while recesses do not have such restrictions. Congressional Recesses A Congressional session runs for one year, from January 3 to sometime in December. But Congress does not meet each and every business day of the year. When Congress has recessed, business has been put on hold. For example, Congress often holds business sessions only on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, so that legislators can visit their constituents over a long weekend that includes a work day. At such times, Congress has not adjourned but is, instead, recessed. Congress also recesses the week of a federal holiday. The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 stipulated a 30-day recess each August, except in time of war. Representatives and Senators use recess periods in many ways. Often, they are hard at work during a recess, studying legislation, attending meetings and hearings, meeting with interest groups, raising campaign funds, and visiting their district. They are not required to stay in Washington, DC, during a recess and may take the opportunity to return to their districts. During longer recesses, they may log some actual vacation time. Some are dissatisfied with the short work week typical of Congress, where many are only in town for three days of the week. There have been suggestions to impose a five-day workweek and give one week out of four off to visit their district. Recess Appointments During a recess, a President can execute a pocket-veto or make recess appointments. This ability became a bone of contention during the 2007-2008 session. Democrats controlled the Senate and they  wanted to prevent President George W. Bush from making recess appointments at the end of his term of office. Their tactic was to have pro forma sessions every three days, so they were never in recess long enough for him to exercise his recess appointment power. This tactic then was used by the House of Representatives in 2011. This time, it was the Republicans in the majority who used pro forma sessions to stay in session and prevent the Senate from adjourning for more than three days (as is provided in the Constitution). President Barack Obama was prevented from approving recess appointments. The case went to the Supreme Court when President Obama appointed three members of the National Labor Relations Board in January 2012 despite these pro forma sessions held every few days. The Supreme Court ruled unanimously that this was not allowed. They said that the Senate is in session when it says its in session. Four of the justices would have restricted recess appointment powers only during the period between the end of a yearly session and the beginning of the next one.